Morarji desai daughter death reason

Morarji Desai


4th Prime Minister of India

In office
March 24,  – July 15,
Vice President(s)   B. D. Jatti
President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
Preceded by Indira Gandhi
Succeeded by Choudhary Charan Singh

Minister of Home Affairs

In office
July 1,  – January 24,
Preceded by Charan Singh
Succeeded by Hirubhai M.

Patel


2nd Deputy Prime Minister of India

In office
March 13,  – July 16,
Prime Minister Indira Gandhi
Preceded by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Succeeded by Charan Singh
Jagjivan Ram

Minister of Finance

In office
March 13,  – July 16,
Prime Minister Indira Gandhi
Preceded by Sachindra Chaudhuri
Succeeded by Indira Gandhi
In office
March 13,  – August 29,
Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
Preceded by Jawaharlal Nehru
Succeeded by T.

T. Krishnamachari


2nd Chief Minister of Bombay State

In office
April 21,  – October 31,
Preceded by B. G. Kher
Succeeded by Yashwantrao Chavan

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha

In office
April 21,  – 

Born February 29 ()
Bhadeli, Bombay Presidency, British India
Died April 10 (aged 99)
New Delhi, India
Political party Congress (up to ), Congress(O) (), Janata Party
Occupation Civil servant, Activist
Religion Hindu

Morarji Ranchhodji Desai (February 29, – April 10, ) was an Indian independence activist and the fourth Prime Minister of India from He was the first Indian Prime Minister who did not belong to the Indian National Congress.

Before India's independence he served as Revenue Minister of Bombay ( to and in In he was elected Chief Minister. He entered central government in , becoming Minister for Commerce and Industry () and Finance Minister ().

Short Biography. Morarji Desai was born on in Valsad in the state of Gujarat, India. He was an Indian Politician, Prime Minister, Activist, Civil Servant & Chief Minister. He was the 5th Prime Minister of India and served as the PM of India from to

He contested Indira Gandhi for leadership of the Indian National Congress in but lost the following year and accepted the post of Deputy Prime Minister in her government. In , he split from Gandhi and in formed the Janata Party. Winning the General Election that year, he became Prime Minister at the age of He was a committed disciple of Mahatma Gandhi.

He is the only Indian to receive the highest civilian awards from both India and Pakistan, the Bharat Ratna and the Nishaan-e-Pakistan. This award was given in recognition of his effort to improve India-Pakistan relations.

Morarji Desai was born into a Gujarati Anavil Brahmin family. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] His father's name was Ranchhodji Nagarji Desai and his mother's name was Vajiaben Desai. He was born in Bhadeli village, Bulsar district, Bombay Presidency, British India (present-day Valsad district, Gujarat, India) on 29 February , the eldest of eight children.

He died at the age of

His relatively brief term as Prime Minister proved to India that a party other than Congress could govern. He condemned Indira Gandhi's rule as dictatorial. He tried to re-position India as a non-aligned state, countering what he saw as too close a relationship with the Soviet Union by improving links with the United States, hosting a visit from Jimmy Carter in Visiting the Soviet Union in June , he expressed India's opposition to the occupation of Afghanistan.

He improved relations with China, frozen since a border dispute in [1] Desai's life was motivated to serve the public by what has been described as a "selfless mission." He tied to imbue government with "with spirituality and righteousness."[1] Few Prime Ministers in the modern world have been as disinterested in material wealth or possessions as Desai was, whose simple life-style was legendary.

Early life

Morarji Desai in , as Congress Home Minister of Bombay Presidency

Morarji Desai was born into an Anavil Brahmin family in Bhadeli, Valsad in Bombay Presidency (now in Gujarat). After graduating from Wilson College, Mumbai, he joined the civil service in Gujarat. He married Gajraben in They had five children.

Later, he left the service of the British in and joined the civil disobedience movement against British rule in India in He spent many years in jail during the freedom struggle (and owing to his sharp leadership skills and tough spirit, he became a favorite amongst freedom-fighters and an important leader of the Indian National Congress in Gujarat.

When provincial elections were held in and , Desai was elected and served as the Revenue Minister and Home Minister of the then Bombay Presidency.

In government

Before the independence of India, he became Bombay's Home Minister and later was elected as Chief Minister of Bombay in The state was home to Marathi linguistic movements, with calls for the creation of a separate linguistic state.

Considered as a tough leader, Desai was also known for pioneering beliefs and enforcing strict discipline and authority and thus possessed a radical mindset. By Desai's orders in , a demonstration by the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti was fired upon by the police resulting in the deaths of many demonstrators. demonstrators were killed in the incident leading to public outrage that shook the central government.

The incident led to the formation of the present State of Maharashtra.

As Home Minister, Desai outlawed any portrayals of indecency (which included "kissing" scenes) in films and theatrical productions. Although a staunch Gandhian, Desai was socially conservative, pro-business, and in favor of free enterprise reforms, as opposed to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's socialistic policies.

Rising in Congress leadership, Desai was at odds with Prime Minister Nehru and his allies, and with Nehru's age and health failing, he was considered as a possible contender for the position of Prime Minister. Outflanked in the leadership contest after Nehru's death in by the Nehruvian Lal Bahadur Shastri, Desai began to build support within the party.

After Shastri's death in , he contested for Prime Minister and fought a closely-contested election with Indira Gandhi. Desai obtained votes but lost to Indira Gandhi who garnered

Split of

Initially Desai stayed out of the Cabinet, biding his time. As the young Indira Gandhi's government became embroiled in controversy following a poor harvest, currency devaluation, and rising disenchantment in the country, Desai's influence grew in strength and he returned to the Cabinet in He demanded the powerful position as the Minister for Home Affairs, but he settled for the Ministry for Finance, with the added title of Deputy Prime Minister.

Relations between Desai and the young Prime Minister were strained at best.

In , Indira Gandhi and her allies engineered a major schism in the Congress Party, and her leftist supporters within the Congress Party formed the Congress (R), later to become the Congress (I) Party. Desai and the rest of the Congress establishment cohered to form the Congress (O) Party.

Why morarji desai married his daughter: Morarji Ranchhodji Desai was the 4th Prime Minister of India from 24 March to 28 July He had played several important roles in government such as Chief Minister of Bombay.

But in the General Elections held in , the Congress (O) was drubbed owing to Indira Gandhi's popularity.

When Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was convicted in June of wrongfully using government machinery for election work and corruption, Desai joined Jaya Prakash Narayan in organizing mass protests throughout the country calling for her resignation.

In a show of intolerance towards any sort of opposition, Indira Gandhi declared Emergency and had all the opposition leaders including Desai arrested.

Election

When Indira called for elections in January , many opposition groups, including the Congress (O), joined with longtime rivals, regional parties and blocs of rival ideologies to form the Janata Party.

He "campaigned on a platform of restoring human rights and freedom and appealing to popular outrage about forced sterilizations," and "inflicted the most crushing defeat for the Congress Party."[1] The Janata alliance won seats, close to a two-thirds majority, and for the first time since independence, the dominance of the ruling Congress Party was broken.

Morarji Desai finally came into office as the Prime Minister when Jaiprakash Narayan picked him as the man most likely to keep the coalition united.

At the time, he was 81 years old but still healthy and vigorous, without any particular ailments.

Morarji desai biography of george michael Morarji Desai was born into a Gujarati Anavil Brahmin family. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] His father's name was Ranchhodji Nagarji Desai and his mother's name was Vajiaben Desai. He was born in Bhadeli village, Bulsar district, Bombay Presidency, British India (present-day Valsad district, Gujarat, India) on 29 February , the eldest of eight children.

Prime Minister

Indian Prime Minister, Morarji Desai, during visit to the United States in

Desai led a fractious coalition government, and thus failed to achieve much owing to continuous in-wrangling and much controversy. Kulke describes him as an "experienced administrator" but as someone who was "not a good party leader." He was unable to "prevent the internal bickering" which led to his government's failure.[2] With no party in leadership of the coalition, rival groups vied to unseat Desai.

Controversial trials of prominent Congress leaders, including Indira Gandhi over Emergency-era abuses worsened the fortunes of his administration. Desai worked to improve relations with neighbor and arch-rival Pakistan and restored normal relations with China, for the first time since the war. He communicated with Zia-ul-Haq and established friendly relations and diplomatic relations were also re-established with China.

His government undid many amendments made to the constitution during emergency and made it difficult for any future government to impose national emergency. Among his ministers was another future non-Congress Prime Minister, Atal Behari Vajpayee (Minister for External Affairs) who later led his Bharatiya Janata Party to victory in and again in

Since India's first nuclear test in of which he has disapproved, Desai kept India's nuclear reactors, stating "they will never be used for atomic bombs, and I will see to it if I can help it".[3] In , the Carter administration sold India heavy water and uranium for its nuclear reactors but required American on-site inspection of nuclear materials.

Desai declined, seeing the American stance as contradictory, in light of its own nuclear arsenal.

Desai (third from right, front row) with the US President Jimmy Carterduring his January visit to India

Hosting a visit from Jimmy Carter in , Desai was later accused of having links with the CIA.

According to Sathasivam, Carter and Desai shared "humanist" rather than "realist" views of international relations, and struck up a "personal rapport with the new Indian Prime Minister."[4]

He favored prohibition and imposed this in several states.[5]

Retirement and death

In , Charan Singh withdrew from the Janata Party, forcing Desai to resign from office and retire from politics at the age of Desai campaigned for Janata Party in the General Election as a senior politician but did not contest the election himself.

  • Their defeat was partly due to food-crises. On the one hand, Janata had managed the economy well and "India's balance of payments showed a comfortable surplus." On the other, increase in agricultural exports to the rich Arab states actually backfired, causing a shortage of food in India itself.[2]

    In retirement, he lived in Bombay, and died at the age of He had been honored much in his last years a freedom-fighter of his generation.

    Kanti Desai, Morarji Desai's son, was often criticized for being corrupt and using his father's name as an influence. During Desai's retirement, the family was evicted by a court order from their apartment in Mumbai occupied illegally. Sharad Pawar, then Chief Minister of Maharashtra, offered the family an apartment for the remainder of Morarji Desai's life, and the family moved there.

    Feud with RAW

    Morarji Desai had described the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) as the praetorian guard of Indira Gandhi and had promised to stop all activities of the RAW after becoming prime minister. B. Raman, the former head of the Counter-Terrorism Division of India's external intelligence agency, the RAW reveals that, in an unguarded moment, Indian prime minister Morarji Desai indiscreetly told Pakistani dictator Zia ul-Haq that he was aware of Islamabad's nuclear schemes.

    Auto urine therapy

    Morarji Desai practiced "auto urine therapy" (drinking one's own urine) to keep fit. In an interview, he stated that he was afflicted with piles in his 40s and was advised to try out drinking shivambu. (shiv=holy, ambu=water; in the therapy, urine is called 'shivambu.') He felt benefits of the therapy within a week, and was soon completely cured.

    He continued the therapy for the rest of his life and argued for its curative effects on health.

    Social Service

    Morarji Desai was a true Gandhian follower, social worker, institution builder, and a great reformer.

    Morarji desai biography of george michael wikipedia Morarji Ranchhodji Desai was a politician and Indian independence campaigner who led the Janata Party-formed government as India's fourth prime minister from until He held a number of significant government positions over his lengthy political career, including Chief Minister of Bombay State, Home Minister, Finance Minister, and.

    He was the Chancellor of Gujarat Vidyapith (university established by Mahatma Gandhi). Even during his term as the Prime Minister he used to visit and stay at Vidyapith during the month of October. He exemplified simplicity and used to write post card himself even when he held the office of Prime Minister. Sardar Patel deputed him to conduct meetings of farmers in Kaira district which finally led to establishment of AMUL Cooperative movement.

    During his rule, he withdrew intervention in Public Distribution System and rationing shops were literally lost due to cheap sugar and oil available in the market.

    Legacy

    The Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga in Delhi was named in his honor. He was renowned for his ascetic life-style (he ate nuts, fruit). He practiced Yoga every day.

    His political legacy includes breaking the Congress's monopoly on government, improving relations with China and with the USA and especially with Pakistan. "His chief contribution," says Muzammiluddin "was that his Government enhanced popular faith in democracy."[6]

    Notes

    1. Sanjoy Hazarika Morarji Desai Dies at 99; Defeated Indira Gandhi to Become Premier of IndiaNew York Times, April 11, Retrieved December 15,
    2. Hermann Kulke and Dietmar Rothermund, A History of India (London, UK: Routledge, , ISBN ),
    3. ↑Morarji Desai, The Ascetic ActivistTIME, April 7, Retrieved December 15,
    4. ↑Kanishkan Sathasivam, Uneasy Neighbors: India, Pakistan and US Foreign Policy (Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, , ISBN X),
    5. ↑Kuldip Singh, OBITUARY: Morarji DesaiThe Independent, April 11, Retrieved December 15,
    6. ↑Syed Muzammiluddin, Morarji Desai () A Statesman Par ExcellenceBoloji, March 5, Retrieved December 15,

    References

    ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

    • Jai, Janak Raj.

      Commissions and Omissions by Indian Prime Ministers. Regency Publications, ISBN

    • Kulke, Hermann, and Dietmar Rothermund. A History of India. London, UK: Routledge, ISBN
    • Manisha. Profiles of Indian Prime Ministers: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru to Dr. Manmohan Singh. New Delhi, IN: Mittal, ISBN
    • Sathasivam, Kanishkan.

      Uneasy Neighbors: India, Pakistan and US Foreign Policy. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, ISBN X

    External links

    All links retrieved November 9,

    Credits

    New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopediastandards.

    This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution.

  • George fernandes net worth
  • Samata party
  • Jorge fernandez politician
  • Morarji desai party
  • Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:

    The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:

    Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.